散货租船术语简称大全（二）
BACKLETTER Where a seller/shipper issues a ’letter of indemnity’ in favour of the carrier
in exchange for a clean bill of lading
BAF Bunker Adjustment Factor. A Fuel Surcharge expressed as a percentage added or
subtracted from the freight amount, reflecting the movement in the market place price for bunkers.
BALE CAP. Cubic capacity of a vessels holds to carry packaged dry cargo such as bales/pallets
BALLAST Heavy weight, often sea water, necessary for the stability and safety of a ship which is not
carrying cargo
BALLAST BONUS Compensation for relatively long ballast voyage
BAREBOAT CHTR. Bareboat Charter - Owners lease a specific ship and control its technical
management and commercial operations only. Charterers take over all responsibility for the
operation of the vessel and expenses for the duration.
BBB Before Breaking Bulk. Refers to freight payments that must be received before
discharge of a vessel commences
BDI Both Dates Inclusive
BEAM The maximum breadth or the greatest width of a ship
BELOW Beneath the deck
BENDS Both Ends (Load & Discharge Ports)
BI Both Inclusive
BIMCO The Baltic and International Maritime Council
BL Bale
B/L (Bill of Lading) A document signed by the carrier which acts as a Contract of
Affreightment, a receipt and evidence of title to the cargo.
BM Beam
BN Booking Note
BOB Bunker on Board
BOFFER Best Offer
BOW The forward part of a ship
BROB Bunkers Remaining on Board
BROKERAGE Percentage of freight payable to broker (by owners in c/p’s) or applicable to sale or purchase
BSS Basis
BSS 1/1 Basis 1 Port to 1 Port
BT Berth Terms
BULKHEAD A vertical partition separating compartments
BUNDLING This is the assembly of pieces of cargo, secured into one manageable unit. This is
relevant to items such as Structural Steel, Handrails, Stairways etc. Whilst this is a very flexible
description, a rule of thumb is to present cargo at a size easily handled by a large (20 tonne) fork lift.
BUNKERS Name given for vessels Fuel and Diesel Oil supplies (Originates from coal bunkers)
BUOY An anchored float used for marking a position on the water or a hazard or a shoal and for mooring
BWAD Brackish Water Arrival Draft
CAF Currency Adjustment Factor. A fee applied to the shipping costs to compensate for
exchange rate fluctuations.
CBM Cubic Metres
CBFT(or CFT) Cubic Feet
CFR(or C&F) Cost and Freight
CHART A map used by navigators
CHOPT Charterers Option
CHTRS Charterers
CIF Cost, Insurance & Freight. Seller pays all these costs to a nominated port or place of discharge.
CKD Completely knocked down
COA Contract of Affreightment - Owners agree to accept a cost per revenue tonne for cargo carried
on a specific number of voyages.
CIP Carriage and Insurance paid to...
C.O. Certificate of Origin - a signed statement from a semiofficial organization certifying the origin
of an export item, required by certain nations.
COACP Contract of Affreightment Charter Party
COB Closing of Business
COBLDN Closing of Business London
COD Cash On Delivery
COGSA Carriage of Goods by Sea Act
CONGESTION Port/berth delays
CONS Consumption
CNEE CONSIGNEE. Name of agent, company or person receiving consignment
COP Custom Of Port
CP (or C/P) Charter Party
CPD Charterers Pay Dues
CPT Carriage Paid To
CQD Customary Quick Despatch
CR Current Rate
CROB Cargo Remaining on Board
CRN Crane
CRT Cargo Retention Clauses, introduced by charterers based on shortage
of delivered
cargo because of increased oil prices
CST Centistoke
CTR Container Fitted
DA Disbursement Account
DAF Deliver At Frontier
DAPS Days all Purposes (Total days for loading & discharging)
DAMFORDET Damages for Detention. Penalty if cargo is not ready when ship arrives for
working (1st day of Laycan). This is not detention which is charged for ships time
on delay. If the cargo is ready there is no DAMFORDET.
DDU Delivered Duty unpaid.
DDP Delivered Duty Paid.
DECK A permanent covering over a compartment, hull or any part thereof
DEM Demurrage (Quay Rent). Money paid by the shipper for the occupying port space
beyond a specified "Free Time" period.
DEQ Delivered Ex Quay
DES Delivered Ex Ship
DESP Despatch. Time saved, reward for quick turnaround- in dry cargo only
DET Detention (See DAMFORDET)
DEV Deviation. Vessel departure from specified voyage course
DFRT Deadfreight. Space booked by shipper or charterer on a vessel but not used
DHDATSBE Despatch Half Demurrage on All Time Saved Both Ends
DHDWTSBE Despatch Half Demurrage on Working Time Saved Both Ends
DISCH Discharge
DK Deck
DLOSP Dropping Last Outwards Sea Pilot (Norway)
DO Diesel Oil
DOLSP Dropping Off Last Sea Pilot (Norway)
DOP Dropping Outward Pilot
DOT Department of Transport
DNRCAOSLONL Discountless and Non-Returnable Cargo and/or Ship Lost or Not Lost
DRAUGHT (or DRAFT) Depth to which a ship is immersed in water. The depth varies
according to the design of the ship and will be greater or lesser depending not only on the
weight of the ship and everything on board, but also on the density of the water in which the ship is lying.
DRK Derrick
DUNNAGE Materials of various types, often timber or matting, placed among the cargo for
separation, and hence protection from damage, for ventilation and, in the case of certain cargoes,
to provide space in which the tynes of a fork lift truck may be inserted.
DWAT (or DWT) Deadweight. Weight of cargo, stores and water, i.e. the difference between
lightship and loaded displacement.
